Pat-(+)&(-) For Marine and Freshwater Fishes

Pat-(+)&(-) purpose is for the treatment of external bacterial and fungal diseases. Benefits are its special formulation for the treatment, prevention and disinfectant of external bacterial diseases that causes tail and fin rot, cloudy eyes, swollen gills, red body patches, wounds, open sores and fungal diseased on the fishes.

Pat-(+)&(-) is not an antibiotic and does not create resistant strains of bacteria. It can safely be used for all types of fishes and plants and not for marine invertebrates.

Pat-(+)&(-) is non-toxic and biodegradable and the crystals at the bottom of the bottle are preservatives that does not affect the product efficiency. Caution: Remove all carbon filters before treatment starts and pH must be above 6.5 or add PAT-Biobuff to rise it.

Pat-(+)&(-) Packing Available in 40 ML, 500 ML and 3,800 ML size, treatment Capacity 500 ML treats 2,500 imperial gallons (11,250 liters). (Aquarium use) Apply 4 drops to 1 gallon (4.5 liters) of water every 4 days for at least 3 treatments.

Apply 8 drops per gallon (4.5 liters) for 30 minutes and remove fish if signs of stress is visible. Apply 1 drop to 5 gallons (22.5 liters) of water to prevent egg fungus.

Apply 20 drops to 1 gallon (4.5 liters) of water for disinfecting utensils and soak for at least 15 minutes 2. For 500 ML bottle (Pond use or large aquarium).
Double the above dosages for saltwater applications.

Different Echinodorus provide a variety of shades of green and spectacular red. Echinodorus "Kleiner bar" is a small sword bearing a ruddy burnt sienna. In an aquarium without any added carbon dioxide (CO2), some of the larger species, like Echinodorus Bleheri (pic on the right) or "Ozelot," will grow slowly and remain small for months.

Echinodorus Osiris Melon Sword (right pic) has a mix of red and green. The red is more intense on the younger leaves. Under optimum conditions of good light, nutrients and CO2, it can grow to 16 inches.

Echinodorus Major cordifolius (right pic) can grow more than 20 inches but  pruning will help retard its growth.

Loricaridae  suckermouth catfish: Peckoltia ucayalensis  (look similer to Ancistrus temminckii) or algae-eater catfish. Various species of (genus Loricaridae) will graze on the algae trying to grow on leaves.

Algae-eaters like the Gyrinocheilus aymonieri, are effective at removing some types of algae when they are young, but when mature can become unhelpful and unfriendly tenants in a community tank with preference for slime coat of fishes.

Swords plants benefit greatly from CO2 level of about 20 to 30 ppm. If the base of a sword plant is buried in the substrate, the base can rot. When you get a sword plant from a store, it has probably been grown at the nursery with the leaves out of the water and the faster way to grow sword.

If the plant comes with the roots in rock wool, remove as much of the rock wool as you can without tearing the roots because rock wool tends to promote root rot, especially if any dead roots are in the rock wool.

Favorite aquatic plants are the swords of the genus Echinodorus osiris, they can tolerate temperatures
as low as 60 F or 75 F degrees.

Starve your plants and algae will grow.
But can one feed the plants and avoid algae growth?